What Are the Types of Biofuels Are Currently Available?
Biofuel is derived from relativey recently dead biological material and is different from fossil fuels, which are derived from long dead biological material. Most common source on biofuel are photosynthetic plants.
Agrofuels are biofuels produced from specific crops not from waste processes such as landfill off-grassing or recycled vegetable oil.
There are two methods to produce agrofuels. One method is to grow crops high in sugar (sugar cane, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum) or starch (corn or maize). Then use yeast fermantation to produce ethyl alchol or ethanol. The second method is to to grow plants that contain high amount of vegetable oil such as palm, soybean, algea or jatropha. There are numerous reports in India that point to promising high yield on Jatropha plant. There are numerous studies that point to Jatropha plant produces very high biofuel per ton of Jatropha plant compare to corn. Also Jatropha plan does not take land away from corn and other human crop producing edible land. It is observed that Jathropha plant grows in the wild in highly desert like environments. Using those oil, it is heated and their viscosity is reduced. This reduced viscosity oil can be directly burned in a diesel engine or can be processed to produce biodiesel. Those biodiesel fuel is much cleaner than those extracted from fosil fuel. Wood and its byproducts are also converted into biofuels such as woodgas, methanol or ethernol fuel.
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